OP_CTV Re-Visited With Jeremy Rubin

Jeremy Rubin gives (yet another) rundown of CTV, specifically explaining the origins of the OG covenants proposal. 

  • CTV dates back to 2017 when Jeremy gave a talk about safe covenants at the BPASE conference; from 2018 to 2019 he refined his ideas, and this culminated in OP_CTV, which he applied for a BIP assignment in Jan 2020
  • While Rubin was advocating for OP_CTV, he ran into opposition from people who said that his advocacy would interfere with Taproot activation
  • While waiting for Taproot to activate, Rubin created Sapio, a programming language for tooling CTV applications
  • Taproot activates in Nov 2021 and Jeremey re-ups his advocacy for CTV
  • Jeremey pushes for activation in the Spring of 2022, but abandons these attempts and quits Bitcoin Core in Dec 2022
  • The code for CTV hasn’t changed since Jeremy introduced the proposal
  • Why did CTV fail to get activated? In Rubin’s view, people failed to understand why covenants matter. Detractors also said that it detracted from Taproot, while others FUDed covenants in general.
  • Without CTV, we have three paths to covenants: BitVM (possible today, but complicated); FE’d Up Covenants (on-chain is simple but requires trust assumptions); ColliderScript (very expensive and convoluted)

Related Episodes

Antoine Poinsot presents on The Great Consensus Cleanup at OPNEXT 2025.
Apr 21, 2025
Jeremy Rubin discusses the CTV + CSFS soft fork proposal at OPNEXT 2025.
Apr 21, 2025
Want to do more with bitcoin? Bitcoin miner MARA has a sidechain for you!
Nov 18, 2024
Weikeng Chen of L2 Iterative walks us through the use of STARKs on Bitcoin, plus some talk on OP_CAT!
Nov 18, 2024
What if we created Bitcoin covenants using fancy encryption? That's the idea behind Bitcoin PIPEs!
Nov 18, 2024
Miner extractable value is a fundamental problem when it comes to Bitcoin's scaling choices. How do we limit or eliminate MEV is a pretty difficult ask, however.
Nov 18, 2024
Kindly Drop an email to access the story

By subscribing, you agree to the Blockspace Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions.

The Blockspace Newsletter, Free of Charge

The best in Bitcoin news & analysis, read by over 8,000 Bitcoiners.